The vertical gardens on facades of buildings represent an innovative solution to increase the vegetation surface in densely populated urban environments. In the case of the vertical gardens for the naturalisation of the M-30, as explained by Lantania's site manager María del Prado Rodríguez García, vertical gardens were implemented over 415 linear metres and 3200 m² of surface area. This approach not only contributes to urban aesthetics, but also offers significant environmental benefits, such as reducing the heat island effect, improving air quality and absorbing CO2.
In order to ensure the feasibility y security For this installation, first of all, the existing walls were respected, using corrosion inhibitors during preparation and carrying out a structural recalculation to ensure their integrity. The walls were cleaned of impurities using special pressure water cleaning equipment and cracks were repaired. In addition, corrosion rate determinations were carried out and a continuous monitoring system was implemented.
The plants were arranged on hinged centre modules, opting for a semi-hydroponic system for their cultivation. The selection of the plant species was made considering factors such as the weatherthe durability and the availabilityThe plants were purchased in the Netherlands because of their availability in large numbers and their landscape quality.
As for the irrigationSeveral horizontal lines were installed and a meteorological station was incorporated to monitor environmental parameters and pollutants, comparing data with other areas of the city. An exhaustive study of the metabolic capacities of plant species was carried out, evaluating their efficiency in absorbing atmospheric pollutants in a controlled environment.
In addition, corrosion sensors were placed in the concrete to detect and prevent possible structural damage. This multidisciplinary approach, combining aspects of architecture, structural engineering, horticulture and environmental sciences, ensures the effectiveness and safety of vertical gardens on walls and building facades, consolidating them as a sustainable and aesthetically appealing solution for modern urban environments.
